Category: Inerrancy

There Is No Other! It’s All About God!

Published by mhelbert on February 22, 2024

Earlier this week I wrote about my passion for God. I also expressed a defense for my Orthodoxy. Then, I wrote a bit about the inadequacy of any kind of correct belief that finds its object in dogma, doctrine, or propositions. That’s the world of Systematics. At best that world is too small. At worst, well, it is destructive in more ways than I care to mention right now. Maybe some other time.
What I didn’t discuss was what my own orthodoxy is founded on. In what, or Whom, do I ground my ‘right belief’ on?
I’m glad you asked that question.
Let me start by sharing a couple of things that it is Not.
It is not grounded in the Bible.
Whoa! Say what?! I can see all of my fundagelical friends clutching their pearls and wringing their hands. Isn’t the Bible the inerrant Word of God? Isn’t the Bible the only trustworthy way that we can even know God? How can we know what’s true and good? More importantly, how can we know if we’re IN?
Don’t get your boxers in a bunch.
There is no one on the planet who loves the scriptures more than I do. I read, study, and dwell in them every day. I have an extremely high view of them. They are inspired by God the Holy Spirit.
What I don’t do is venerate them. I am not a bibliolater…I don’t worship them. The Bible is a book. Granted, it’s an ancient book filled with even older texts. But, it is a book. It’s a tool. At best, it’s a sign post that points in the direction of what is truly worthy of veneration and worship…God.
Most people view the scriptures as a working document that one can use in order to find their way in life. To them it’s a road map or a users’ manual. If they follow the directions all will be well with the world. If not, well, bad stuff happens. God will getcha if you don’t follow the rules.
It’s not only Christians, but so-called orthodox members of any religious movement may fall into that trap. Rules are meant to be followed. Rules inspired by God inhabit an especially important space where any sign of rule breaking or bending can have eternal repercussions.
Ok, not to be too crass, I call bullshit. At least in the case of the Christian Bible I can be fairly certain that it was not designed to be taken as a literal treatise on the Ways and Workings of the God-fearing Person. Nor is it a book of history or science or any of the other things that bibliolaters claim.
If the creation story didn’t happen just as it is written, how can we trust any of it?
The short answer is, in respect to science, you can’t. That’s not what the Bible is for. You folks are asking the scriptures to carry something that they were never meant to carry. So, stop it, already!
The Bible, at its best, points to God and God’s plans for the world. And, those plans don’t include the rules and regulations that so many people like to impose. Again, stop doing that!
Thirty plus years ago I began to realize that the Bible is a love story. Yeah, that’s right, a Love Story. The Lover in this story is God. The scriptures are full of stories about this love. God’s love sustains the world. It is what moves the Cosmos forward. It is the all-encompassing love of God that leads us to worship and adore God.
But, it is NOT God.
Orthodoxy, correct belief, can never be focused on anything or anyone other than God. Period. End of story.

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A Response by Dr. Pete Enns

Published by mhelbert on September 25, 2019

Recently, I’ve spent considerable time and energy investigating the reality of Emotion and Passion. These have been sorely neglected and misunderstood by me, and I might add, especially the theological tradition that I spent so many years immersed in.

While looking at these things, I have neglected one of the things that some of you have enjoyed over the years. That one thing is looking at the Bible and what it may, or may not, actually say, mean, or how it impacts us.

This morning I want to share an essay by Dr. Pete Enns. Those of you who have followed me know that Dr. Enns and I share many common points of inquiry when it comes to the Scripture and Evangelical tradition.

The essay is fairly long. It is also geared more toward an academic response to an Evangelical opinion. So, take that for what it’s worth. Dr. Enns is responding to a review of his book, How the Bible Actually Works, that was written by Evangelical pastor and writer, Geoff Holsclaw. I hope that you find it instructive. And, may it help you to Break the Chains that Bind.

Please click on this link to read, “How the Bible Actually Works” Works; A Response to Geoff Holsclaw (And Likely Others).

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Is There Truly Only “One Way”?

Published by mhelbert on December 10, 2018

If you have known me long enough, then you know that I question pretty much everything. Yesterday at church the Priest stated that he was a “good little rule follower.” As I sat in the pew I thought, “Oh, you poor, poor man.” You see, I’ve never met a rule that didn’t really, really want someone to come along and push against it. I know, it’s a tough job. But, someone’s gotta do it.

So, it’s know surprise when I push back against theologies that claim to be “the only, true way.” To be honest, most religious sects do make those claims. But, I’m only really familiar with neo-Calvinism. I was well-steeped in a theology that made/makes truth claims that, well, simply cannot be sustained. There are other ways to look at “Truth.” I have provided a link to a podcast with Pete Enns. Pete is a kindred spirit and someone whom I respect as a scholar. Pete’s guest in this episode is someone who came out o neo-Calvinism and landed in Eastern Orthodoxy. I’d encourage you to take 42 minutes to give this a listen.

Here is the link to “The Bible and Orthodox Faith”

Again, please feel free to share your thoughts in the comments. And, click on ‘Subscribe’ in the sidebar if you would like to receive notifications from this blog.

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White Evangelicals, Why??

Published by mhelbert on June 3, 2018

Recently, I’ve begun to reevaluate what I’m doing with this blog thing. What I considered thought provoking proved to be less than sparkly. Some of the more poetic ‘ditties’ have garnered a slightly better response. Overall, I’m discouraged.

But, Hey! That’s never stopped me from forging ahead. So, it won’t now. Maybe.

Anyway, I have decided that the coverage of religious things from a scholarly point of view is not a happening thing. That will slowly fall away.

However…

When religious issues cloud common decency, I may need to write something.

Ok, religious issues ALWAYS cloud common decency. And, most of the time common sense as well. I promise to try to be selective about which issues I choose to wrangle.

Today is one of those days.

Pew Research did a survey that asked how people in the U.S. feel about admitting refugees to this country. Politically, the results were predictable. Twenty-six percent of Republicans think that the U.S. bears a responsibility to admit foreign refugees. Dems; 74%.

No surprise.

The Pew people also asked the question to various folks based on religious/non-religious affiliation.

This is the response that I want to focus on.

White Evangelical Protestants responded in lockstep with the Republican Party. Twenty-six percent of these respondents said that the U.S. has no responsibility to offer help to refugees. Another way to view it, 68% of Bible-believing, Hallelujah-ing, self-proclaimed followers of Jesus Christ Almighty say that refugees from foreign countries shall have NO succor here!

None! Nada! Nyet!

While I am disheartened by this, I am not surprised. In the late 1970’s, early 1980’s, White evangelicals climbed into the Republican bed when Jerry Falwell, Sr. decided that the government could, and should, legislate morality. And they’ve been rolling around under the sheets ever since. So, the fact that the poll results are pretty much identical between the two demographics is predictable.

Many people, (and when I say many, I mean MANY), have tried to analyze this. The question; Why do so many people who claim to follow Jesus Christ, friend to the outcast, turn their backs on outcasts? How can people who hold up their sacred text as inerrant and infallible suddenly forget about the hundreds of references to caring for widows, orphans, and foreigners?

I’m not going to rehash what these people conclude. You can Google it yourselves.

What I want to do is look at this from a slightly different angle.

White evangelicals in the U.S. feel that this country was founded on some non-existent ‘Judeo-Christian ideal. From the Puritans’ “City on a Hill” to the founding fathers’ so-called Christian bias, the U.S. is God’s country! It belongs to White Jesus come hell or high water! Just ask pseudo-historian David Barton. On second thought, don’t ask him. He’s a lying moron. But, you get the picture.

With that foundational belief it’s entirely understandable that White evangelicals would want to do whatever they possibly can to keep the country ‘pure.’ Can’t have any of those Muslim infidels dirtying up the pool now, can we. Oh, and those brown people from south of the border? No, no! Unclean! Put bells on them to warn everyone that their ‘uncleanness’ is coming. Ewwww!

I can understand this. People in general want to protect themselves and their loved ones from perceived threats. It’s human nature. Quarantine the people with measles. I get it.

But, what can we learn from their sacred text about this? Is there something written that can shed some light on what Jesus, himself, might think?

I think that there is.

In the Gospel according to Mark there is a passage that gets little attention except for those who want to keep wayward children in check. The passage is in chapter 7. I’m providing a link rather than inserting the entire passage. Mark 7:1-15.

To set the stage, Jesus’ disciples were having a quick bite to eat. They apparently just picked up food and started scarfing it. Jewish tradition, however, required that people take time to ceremonially wash their hands and the utensils before eating. The Pharisees and other religious folks were appalled. “Whoa, whoa, whoa!!! Jesus, what are your disciples doing?!?! Why, they’re breaking our taboo! They are putting unclean food into their mouths! Oh, the shame!”

Jesus took this opportunity to teach an important lesson.

First, he called out their hypocrisy. “Oh, yeah! Y’all want to call this out? This is simply a tradition that has been handed down by people. What about how you flaunt what Moses actually handed to us from God Almighty? You have taught people to break the Law of Moses when it comes to honoring their parents. Moses said, ‘Honor your father and mother,’ and, ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’ But you say that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God)—then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother.”

I want to focus on that word, “Corban.” It is a carry-over word from the Hebrew Scripture. In its simplest form it refers to an offering or gift made to God. However, as time moved forward, the idea began to develop that Corban could be claimed over anything that represented a sacrifice. In this way a person could be called Corban. They would then, for all practical purposes, be dedicated to God. Their lives would move from the secular to the sectarian. Other objects, including money, could also be Corban. This would exclude the item from ANY secular use. It was wholly dedicated to God. So, when the Pharisees taught that money that could be used for the secular purpose of helping parents was declared Corban, that money became unusable for that help. It went into the Temple coffers, period, end of discussion.

Jesus in effect told them that they were guilty of transgressing the Law of Moses by insisting that their own man-made traditions took precedence over that Law.

In a similar way, the tradition of washing had been elevated to a binding activity. The Pharisees taught that anything that was eaten by unwashed hands from unwashed bowls actually made the person who ate “unwashed,” or unclean.

To you, White evangelicals…

It’s nice the way that you set aside the commandment of God for your own hypocritical traditions. You say, “This land was given to us by God. It is Corban! How can we offer it to these ‘others’?

Yet the commandment of God is clear. “Care for those who are lost and hurting. Love them as you love yourself. Is this not the greatest commandment after love of God?”

Pull your heads out of your collective backsides and see the Light! What you call ‘Corban’ causes destruction and death!

Is this how your god behaves? It’s no wonder people are walking, no, running from your pews!

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Un-Raptured

Published by mhelbert on April 13, 2018

(The Cross of lorraine)

Well! We made it!

I must give you credit for staying with me through all nine previous posts. I hope that I didn’t ramble too much. I have strong feelings about this topic. I wanted to make a case for an alternative interpretation of the Biblical text. A case that is based on gleaning from the text what the original writers may have intended within the social and religious context of their own time. Not what someone in the nineteenth century may have wanted the text to say. And, especially not what folks in the present day want it to say. Words that were written to encourage people in the early days of the Christian church have been turned into weapons to inspire fear in people, and thereby, control them.

The name of this blog is Breaking the Chains that Bind. This false doctrine of a so-called ‘Rapture’ is a chain that needs to be broken.

If people are going to be truly free, they must be free from fear. I have heard countless stories of people who now suffer from forms of PTSD because of how the rapture has been presented to them.

How is that even a thing?!?

Where is the love of Christ in this?

Didn’t one writer say that there is no fear in Christ? In fact, love in this context casts out all fear!!!

The whole of Rapture theology does NOT pass the smell test. It is foul! It is hateful! IT IS WRONG!

We as a species have always tried to figure out who is a member of our tribe and who isn’t. Perhaps that need is hard coded into our DNA. Perhaps somewhere in our distant past that particular knowledge was necessary for our survival. Our ancient ancestors may have only survived by putting up defenses against some ‘other’ that could destroy them. I don’t know. But, it is plausible.

Somehow over the millenia, as the outside dangers were tamed or defeated, that need diminished. However, the code was still operating. It wasn’t somehow ‘commented out.’ Without the threats from outside, we developed and perceived threats from the inside. Those who didn’t look exactly like us. Or, who didn’t speak like us. Or, who didn’t believe in the same gods as we did. These became the ‘others’ that we excluded and tried to destroy.

For the last two millenia the Christian Church has allowed that code to run unchecked. In fact, I think that the Church has tweeked the code to near perfection. She has built walls. “But, we must protect the faith from the faithless!” she cries. In reality, she has hoarded the goodness of the Divine and built walls to keep all others away from it. She has become, in many ways, faithless herself.

The doctrine of the rapture is one part of that wall. It has no other purpose than to define who is ‘In’ over against who is ‘out.’ It manipulates people by grabbing them by the emotions and driving them like cattle using the prod of fear to achieve their own end. And, that end is control. The proponents of rapture theology coerce and control by fear. Fear of being ‘left behind.’ Fear of all ‘others.’ Fear of an angry and vengeful god.

Rapture thought also paints the world and the cosmos as an enemy. All things that are not aligned to make people believe in the small, vindictive god of these people must by necessity be evil. They must run their evil course to its evil end where their evilness will be finally put to the evil end that only evil deserves. The earth, society, cultures…these are all part of that evil world. So, they look at all things that are not part of their small pitiful faith with uncaring disdain. “Climate change? If it’s real, (and, we doubt that), so what? The rapture is coming, then the end of the world. Who cares about it? Or, who cares about war or famine or natural disasters? These are all simply precursors of the end of this evil world. We’re gonna fly home to heaven! To hell with everything and everyone else!”

Folks, there will be no rapture. The ‘elect,’ (whatever that means), are not going to fly away to some heavenly bliss. The earth is not going to be thrown into chaos and turmoil controlled by some person called Anti-Christ. This earth is has been around for about 4 billion years. It’s going to be around for quite a few more.

Ok, so what?

If the dispensationalists have it all wrong, (they do), what is an alternative? If we don’t live with our eye on the end of this age, how should we live?

The apostle Paul spoke about keeping our ‘eyes on the prize.’ That prize was eternal life, salvation, a life well-lived caring for others. It was a life that bore fruit. Fruit like love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

This life. Right here. Right now. We only get this one chance to make a positive difference. We can only offer comfort to the homeless, the poor, the sick and infirm, the immigrant, the indigenous, the Muslim or Hindu or Buddhist for as long as we have the gift of breath and life. After that? Our days of making a difference will be past.

Jesus taught his friends that the Kingdom of God was at hand. It was breaking into present reality. This kingdom was not some far off place that could only be found in some heavenly, non-corporeal reality. This kingdom was NOW! The imperative for people to live in that kingdom has not diminished over time. If we are going to follow Jesus, who has become King, then we’ve got to live like it. And that does NOT mean ignoring the present. It cannot mean ignoring the needs of ALL others. It does NOT mean destroying our planet.

It does mean that we must be ALL inclusive of others. We must care for our home. We absolutely must be grounded in the here and now.

We don’t get a free pass. There’s no ‘get out of jail free’ card. Jesus didn’t come to ‘rescue’ us from the reality of this life. He came so that we could HAVE life! And, so that we may, like Jesus, give our life away so that others may have life.

Rapture theology kills. It ends love. It excludes others. It has no care for the world that God gave His only Begotten Son for. It is actively authoritarian and controlling. It seeks to amass power. It is in all ways corrupt and evil.

We are better than that. God is better than that.

Shalom.

If you have any questions or comments, please use the comments section to share them!

Please share this and other posts that I’ve written with family, friends, your dog!

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A Thief in the Night

Published by mhelbert on March 30, 2018

O thief!
Come to take my own!
Stealth’ly by darkness come,
Enriched, by silence gone.

One of the lasting metaphors that has been used by those who support some sort of rapture theology is that of the “Thief in the Night.” The idea for this comes from the Christian Bible. There are a couple passages where this is found. One is in 1 Thessalonians chapter 5.

Verse 2: For you yourselves know full well that the day of the Lord will come just like a thief in the night.

The other is from the Gospel according to Matthew 24:43:

But be sure of this, that if the head of the house had known at what time of the night the thief was coming, he would have been on the alert and would not have allowed his house to be broken into.

This metaphor became so popular in the early 1970’s that in 1972 a really bad movie entitled, you guessed it, “A Thief in the Night” was produced. It attempted to show the life of a young woman who was ‘left behind’ by showing the audience all of the opportunities that she had to make a decision to follow Christ as Lord and Savior. She didn’t. So, consequently, she wasn’t ready when the call came. The movie even used Larry Norman’s song for it’s theme song.

Now, to be clear, I think the metaphor as written in the scriptures is a good one. It projects the idea that the day of the Lord will come without warning. It will come as a surprise. Both Jesus and Paul wanted those to whom they were communicating to know that there will be nothing that will show them that a storm is coming.

So, be prepared!

“Ok, I get it already! This big whatever thing is gonna happen. And, I’ve got to somehow prepare for it. But How?”

I’m glad you asked!

First, let’s look at how not to prepare. It’s not about going out and buying ADT or some other alarm system to protect your home. There’s no system available to protect against the Day of the Lord. A device that alerts a third party will not be sufficient. Bottom line: no one else can prepare for you.

Both of the passages do, however, contain instructions for preparation if we look.

In Thessalonians Paul emphasized the fact that the thief strikes in darkness. But, he considered the folks he wrote to be ‘children of light and the day.’ His encouragement to them was, in order to be prepared for that day they should live like children of light. All of the activities that took place after sundown, like sleeping and drunkenness should be avoided. They, in order to be prepared, must be sober and awake. The important takeaway from this is that those who follow Christ are destined for life and salvation, not death and destruction. (Yeah, Paul mixed metaphors and wrote in circles sometimes. But, he meant well.)

Jesus, on the other hand, followed the warning about the Day of the Lord with parables that described what it meant to be prepared. These are found in at the end of Chapter 24 and all of Chapter 25.

I’m not going to go into detail with these parables. That would require an entire volume on its own. I simply want to show a distinction between thinking and doing.

The first is basically a warning to be vigilant. Jesus used the image of a faithful servant performing the tasks that his master, who has gone away on a long trip, left for him to do. The servant has no idea when the master will return. So, he must be faithful to his duties.

The second parable is about ten virgins who were waiting for the arrival of a certain bridegroom. Part of their responsibilities was to carry some kind of lamp or torch. Five of them brought extra oil for the lamps; five did not. The bridegroom eventually showed up to the party. The five who were ‘prepared’ with extra oil went into the party. The other five had to find a Walmart where they could buy some more oil. By the time they got back, the party had started and they were locked out. Because they were NOT prepared, they were not selected. The point being, to live wisely means be prepared for God’s reign.¹

The third is about a man who went on a journey. He called his servants and gave each of them a certain amount of money. While he was away, two of the servants invested the money in some way. Through their work they were able to double their investments. The third servant chose to simply bury the money in order to keep it safe.

When the master returned he called the servants to give an account of his money. The two who had good return on their investments were praised and rewarded. The one who hid the money was scolded and punished.

This parable is NOT about money! It in no way supports any kind of so-called prosperity gospel. Where the first parable encourages folks to be prepared, this one shows one way that may be expressed.

We get a glimpse of servants behaving like, well, servants. Two of them execute their duties faithfully. One does not. That’s the point! This parable is “concerned that disciples may fail to be disciples.²” In order to be prepared for the Coming of the Son of Man, Jesus told his disciples that they must continue to be faithful in all things. Even if it takes a long, long time.

The last parable is long and chock full of stuff. It pictures something that has become known as the Final Judgment. The scene shows the Son of Man returning in power. All the nations of the world come to him. The text states that he will separate the nations in the same way a shepherd may separate sheep from goats. The criteria that he uses to separate appears to be based on how each group treated others. The “goats” did not show compassion to people who were hungry or thirsty; sick or in prison. They did not welcome strangers nor clothe those who were naked. The others, the “sheep,” did those things. Both groups were said to have actually done these, or not, to the Son of Man himself.

Those in the first group were not selected to remain and live with the Son of Man. They were summarily ‘cast out.’

The second group, however, were commended and welcomed.

Like I said, there are a lot of things packed into this one story. I’m not going to go into detail here. This parable’s place within the CONTEXT of the larger passage is what I want to get at.

The focus of this story is NOT judgment. Although, judgment cannot be wholly dismissed. Snodgrass wrote, “We cannot avoid the focus on judgment in Jesus’ teaching, but our concern must be with the function of the language to arrest, warn, and force consideration, not to give a description of the judgment.³”

This parable, while set on a stage with props that indicate a courtroom, is not a judicial story. It’s emphasis is first and foremost on compassion. Secondly, it alludes to the idea that there will be consequences for the way that disciples of Jesus treat the oppressed. The images that Jesus uses are aimed at motivating the disciples to compassion and good works to alleviate suffering. As Snodgrass aptly put it, “A person cannot be a follower of Jesus and be void of compassion, which is at the heart of his gospel.⁴”

Take a minute and let that sink in. It’s a powerful statement that deserves our time to consider it.

Ok, let’s summarize.

Yes, there will be hard times.
Yes, the Son of Man will return.
No, He will not ‘snatch’ some chosen few to fly away into some heavenly bliss.
Yes, some will be ‘selected’; other will not.
How can we know if we’re ‘selected?’

BE PREPARED!

How can we be prepared?
By BEING faithful and compassionate.

I will, hopefully, pull all of this together in the next, (last?), post in this series.

As always, please use the comments to share your questions or other thoughts on this post.

And, please share this with your friends!

¹ Snodgrass, Klyne R., Stories with Intent: A Comprehensive Guide to the Parapbles of Jesus, William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008, p. 518.

² Snodgrass, Klyne R., Stories with Intent: A Comprehensive Guide to the Parapbles of Jesus, William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008, p. 536.

³ Snodgrass, Klyne R., Stories with Intent: A Comprehensive Guide to the Parapbles of Jesus, William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008, p. 536.

⁴ Snodgrass, Klyne R., Stories with Intent: A Comprehensive Guide to the Parapbles of Jesus, William B. Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, 2008, p. 561.

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As It Was In The Days of Noah

Published by mhelbert on March 24, 2018

Hey! Sorry it’’s been awhile since I visited here. I got sidetracked by some light reading, ”God’s Ecstasy: The Creation of a Self-Creating World” by Beatrice Bruteau. It’s a short book about what a Trinitarian philosophy of cosmology might look like. Pretty good stuff!

Anyway, back to our tale!

So far we’ve looked at a couple of passages from the Christian Bible that have been twisted out of context in order to build a dispensational house of cards. These passages, however, when read in their own historical, cultural, and literary contexts reveal meanings that are actually consistent with the whole of the canon. They show Paul as a caring pastor concerned for frightened and confused sisters and brothers at Thessalonica. I explained how folks in the first century Roman world would have received honored guests into their city. We also read how Jesus explained to his followers that he believed the magnificent Temple of the Jews in Jerusalem would ultimately be destroyed.

There are just a couple other points that I want to touch on before I call this series complete. (At least for now. Perhaps, I’ll work on it and polish it up a bit in order to publish a short e-book. That is, if there is any interest in one. Thoughts, anyone?)

In the passage from the Gospel according to Matthew that I cited in a previous post Jesus talked about the days of Noah and how two people together would suddenly become only one person. What in the world was he talking about?

Some commentators read this literally and say,” Well, the days of Noah must mean that sin and evil is everywhere. So, God has no choice but to get the righteous folks to safety so that God can destroy all of those other mean nasty people.” That’s one way to look at it. The Hebrew scriptures do tell a rather dire tale about Sons of God and daughters of men and evil and violence and all sorts of stuff not suitable for children.

But, is that the point that Jesus wanted to make here?

Other commentators pick up on the bit about eating and drinking; marrying and being given in marriage. They emphasize the fact that life was going on as usual. Folks were engaged in the everyday activities of life. They had no idea what was going to happen. They had no idea that life as they knew it was about to end. Considering the context of this passage, I think this interpretation is a good place to start.

So, it appears that Jesus is doing a couple of things. One, he’s letting the guys know that something big is going to happen. The Temple will be destroyed, there will be wars, and their whole way of life was going to be turned upside down. The second thing is, no one except God the Father knows when this will happen. (There may also be an underlying message that says, “So, since you can’t know when, don’t waste time and energy trying to figure it out.”)

Immediately after bringing Noah into the picture, Jesus added the bit about 2 people doing stuff together. One of these was “taken” while the other was “left behind.” This picture has been used by Darbyists to somehow ‘prove’ that their idea of a rapture is accurate. “Look!,” they say. “Even Jesus talked about the rapture!”

Well, no. He didn’t.

If they understood how translations of ancient texts actually worked, they may have come to different conclusions. But, alas, they seem to think that Jesus and Paul and Peter and all of the other Biblical writers spoke and wrote in English. Many of them even think they all used King James English! Hey folks! I’ll let you all in on a secret. They didn’t. They spoke in various languages from Hebrew and Aramaic to Greek and Latin. No English! Surprise!

Because of this we need to translate those ancient texts into words and sentences using rules of syntax and grammar that we understand. These translations must provide us with an accurate understanding of what the writer was trying to communicate to his/her original audience. That is a tough job. Not least because the words that the writers used do not necessarily correspond to an exact word that we use today. Nor, does a word that we do use have the same meaning that it did thousands of years ago. Fortunately, there are scholars who are able to make these linguistic leaps over time and space. Most of the translations that we have today are pretty good. They can’t, however, get all of the nuance and cultural shades of meaning 100% of the time. I believe that this passage is one where we may be able to mine a bit more meaning.

Two key words that were used are usually translated, as noted above; “taken” and “left behind.” The folks who are “taken” are presumably those who were mentioned in verse 31 as “chosen” and gathered from the four winds. The others were not.

However, as I just wrote, not all words translate one to one with our modern English. (To be accurate, however, there is definitely a choice being made. What the criteria for choosing, however, is not clear.)

The first word is paralambanō. The meaning carries the idea of “taking to oneself”; “taking into fellowship”; “to bring along with.” In a narrower sense it can mean “to select” or “choose.” In this case the verse can mean that two people were together and one was “selected to come along with.” It’s not necessarily a hard meaning of “chosen.” There are other words that would fit that meaning better. But, this is softer. It’s more like a ‘Well done! Now, come along with me’ kind of idea. It is not equivalent to ‘Snatched!’ in Thessalonians.

The second word is aphiēmi. This word has many uses in Greek. And, like any translation, context drives the meaning. In this case it carries a nuanced meaning of “to leave or to set aside.” For us this would indicate that for some reason the second person was not chosen. They were “set aside,” or “bypassed.”

The popular understanding of this whole section of Matthew is that those who believe in Jesus as Messiah and have made a conscious choice to follow him, those who have been “born again,” will be the people who are ‘chosen’ and, therefore, ‘taken’ away from the nasty stuff mentioned earlier in the chapter. They will subsequently live happily ever after in the great by and by sipping lemonade and playing harps.

This passage, however, doesn’t present that broad picture. It presents something that is much narrower in scope.

Let’s take a look at it using Mike’s Paraphrase, shall we?

Jesus told his disciples many things that would happen at the coming of the Son of Man. There would be wars and famines. Natural disasters would occur. “Keep an eye out for these things!” he said.

“This day will come just like that day in Noah’s time. People will be going about their own business. They’ll be living life as they always have. Then, like the sudden coming of the flood, so, too, will be the coming of the Son of Man.

There will be two people doing the same thing. There will be no apparent differences between them. Yet, one will be chosen and the other rejected. How will they be chosen or not? God only knows. But, You! You be prepared! Don’t be like those in Noah’s time who were caught off guard and surprised. Behold! You have been told!”

The whole idea of this passage is to warn the disciples of that day when the Son of Man would come. They were to be aware of what was going on around them and prepare themselves. Jesus did not want them to be caught off guard.

There is nothing in this passage that states any particular order of events. Nor, is there anything indicating that certain actual events were going to take place. It is Jesus telling his disciples to not become complacent. But, to always be fully awake and watchful.

Jesus, himself, states this quite clearly in the very next verse.

Therefore, be on the alert, for you do not know which day your Lord is coming.

The next several verses in Matt. 24 explain this a bit further. Then all of Matt. 25 explains how to live as awake and watchful people.

But, that’s a topic for a different post.

I have one more topic to touch on before I wrap this whole thing up.

In the next part we’ll take a quick look at thieves and how they relate to what we’ve discussed here.

As always, please share this with your friends! The more the merrier!

Please share any thoughts or comments in the Comments section.

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Not One Stone Will Be Left Upon Another

Published by mhelbert on March 7, 2018

That song by Larry Norman had a lot in it about wars and people disappearing. Back in the 70’s when we were singing it the world was still mired in war in Southeast Asia. The cold war looked more and more like it could become ‘hot’ at any moment. There were seismic shifts in Western culture. Young people rose up against the “establishment” while those in power doubled down on their resolve to maintain the status quo at any cost. Many of us listened to this song and read the stories that Jesus told and began to do the math. We were sure that the end of the world was imminent.

One of those stories that Norman used in his song was from the Gospel according to Matthew.

Matthew 24:36-41
36 But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven,
     nor the Son, but the Father alone.
37 For the coming of the Son of Man will be just like the days of Noah.
38 For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking,
     marrying and giving in marriage, until the day
   that Noah entered the ark,
39 and they did not understand until the flood came and took them all
     away; so will the coming of the Son of Man be.
40 Then there will be two men in the field; one will be taken and one will
     be left.
41 Two women will be grinding at the mill; one will be taken and one will
     be left.
(New American Standard Bible, 1995 update, LaHabra, CA, The Lockman
Foundation.)

Wow! There’s talk about wars. We have Noah and the flood. There’s a bunch of eating and drinking and marriages. Then there’s that bit about 2 people doing something when suddenly, one of them is ‘taken’!

A lot of folks look at these verses and see a graphic description of the ‘End Times’ and the rapture. “Look,” they say. “All that partying and debauchery and nasty stuff. Just like we said! Then ‘poof!’ The righteous one gets raptured! Oh, isn’t that just glorious?”

Well, maybe…maybe not. Just like the passage in Thessalonians, the context here is key to understanding what this writer was trying to say to the people who would read this account. We can’t just ‘snatch’ this passage out of its context and create a meaning that backs up our preconceived ideas of what this text should mean.

I think that there are some questions that need asking. And, yes, we are allowed to ask questions. There can never be too many questions.

The first question that jumps out at me is ‘Why did Jesus even say these things? What sparked this discourse in the first place? I’m sure that he and his disciples weren’t just walking down the street and Jesus said, “Oh, by the way, the Son of Man is gonna show up! And, there’s gonna be a whole lot of weird stuff happening!”

No, there had to be some context to this.

This all took place during what we now call Holy Week. The day before this, Jesus had come to the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem riding on a donkey. Yep! Palm Sunday! The events recorded here apparently took place on Monday.

Jesus returned to the Temple to talk with and teach the people gathered there. Some of the Jewish leaders came up to him and challenged him. According to Matthew they asked, “By what authority are you doing these things, and who gave you this authority?” In other words, “Dude! Who the hell do you think you are coming to OUR Temple and presuming to teach OUR people?”

As you’d expect, Jesus gave them a bit more than they asked for. In fact, the last half of chapter 21 and all of chapters 22 & 23 are devoted to Jesus’ response. And, it wasn’t exactly ‘uplifting’ for the leaders. Chapter 23 records what has become known as the Seven Woes. These are the verses where Jesus says, “Woe to you” Pharisees; scribes; hypocrites; blind guides; blind fools. At the end of this Jesus cried out a lament for Jerusalem itself. These chapters contain some of the most passionate speech by Jesus recorded anywhere in the Bible. He seems to have gotten very ‘worked up.’

So, of course, as they were leaving the Temple the disciples astutely changed the subject. “Hey, Jesus! Check out the magnificent stonework here! Pretty cool, huh?” When I read this I think about a group of guys walking down a street right after one of them went off on someone. They turn to their pal who’s still pretty hot and say, “Whoa! Check out that Corvette!” Totally clueless. But, trying to lighten the mood.

Jesus wasn’t quite ready to simmer down. He responded to them by saying, “You see these buildings? You like them? Well, listen up! There will not be one stone left on another. They will all be torn down!

Later that evening, after everyone had time to cool down a little, (Jesus), the disciples went to him and asked him to tell him when these things he talked about would happen.

Jesus then spent the remainder of chapter 24 and all of 25 explaining things to them. But, he didn’t come right out and give them a checklist of things that would happen. The writer of Matthew recorded a good share of this, including the passage that we’re looking at here using apocalyptic language. It is vital to understand this while reading this. If we don’t, if we read it like Darby & Assoc., we absolutely will come to a conclusion that Jesus never intended. We will wind up with a checklist that Larry Norman can use to write a song. And, we will completely miss the point.

And, that point will be the subject of the next post.

Please leave your thoughts and questions in the comments.
Let’s have a party! Share this with your friends!

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Rapture: The Return of the King

Published by mhelbert on March 1, 2018

Are you all still with me? I know that this is a lot of religious stuff. But, this particular topic has caused untold anxiety and real damage to people. So, let’s hang in there!

Up to this point we’ve seen how a small tributary called ‘dispensationalism’ flowed into the mainstream of Christian thought and practice a little over a century and a half ago. We’ve taken a quick look at what these folks think about future events based on a literal reading of the Bible. In the last post I began to unpack some of what the Apostle Paul was trying to communicate to the community of Christ followers in the ancient city of Thessalonica. We also saw ‘why’ Paul wrote those things. And, perhaps more importantly, we began to consider why he did not write other things.

The ancient culture of Rome was very different than today’s western culture. Dr. David A. deSilva wrote, “The culture of the first century world was built on the foundational social values of honor and dishonor.¹” What others thought of you as a person, a citizen, your family, your occupation, how you acted with others, and how you esteemed those who were deemed worthy of honor were a part of everyday life. There was none of the rugged individualism that we, particularly in the U.S., aspire to.

This idea of honor and its opposite, shame, was the driving force for how every relationship was developed. There were some who were patrons. Those people who had the social where-with-all to offer benevolence toward others. They had social, economic, or political capital to ‘invest’ in those folks who did not have it. These others were the ‘clients’ who depended on the patrons’ good will. And, in order to tap into that good will, the client had to honor her/his patron. That could be by supporting the patron through speech, by ‘talking them up’ to others. It could be through advocacy or any number of other ways. The point is that reciprocity was expected. And, should the client not reciprocate, they were shamed. They could become social outcasts or pariahs. Their standing in the community would collapse and they would find themselves alone. In a society that held relationships in the highest regard, this shaming was the worst possible thing that could happen.

The greatest patron and most important benefactor in this world was a guy they called Caesar. There was no one more highly regarded than him. He was the one person that everyone desired to please in order to receive his good will and blessing. He was referred to as ‘Lord.’ He brought peace and security to the entire Roman world. And, he was worshiped as a god because of it.

Everyone in Thessalonica knew this. And, they knew all of the protocols that were necessary in order to honor this great man. One practice was how they were to show their fealty toward Caesar if he should happen to come and visit them.

The word that is translated “to meet” in this verse is apantesis. It was a technical term “for a civic custom of antiquity whereby a public welcome was accorded by a city to important visitors.²” Cicero, a Roman lawyer and politician who lived during the 1st century wrote about Julius Caesar, “”Just imagine what a royal welcome he is receiving from the towns, what honors are paid to him³.” He also wrote of Augustus, “the municipalities are showing the boy remarkable favor…Wonderful apantesis and encouragement.⁴” The fact is, no one at that time would have dishonored Caesar by making Caesar come to them. They would have gone out to meet him before Caesar entered the city. With this in mind F. F. Bruce observed, “These analogies suggest the possibility that the Lord is pictured here as escorted the remainder of the journey to earth by his people – both those newly raised from the dead and those remaining alive⁵.”

One more example to show that I’m not just being a putz simply in order to be difficult. The writer of the Book of Acts described Paul’s arrival at Rome using this same term. In chapter 28 the story goes, “And the brethren, when they heard about us, came from there as far as the Market of Appius and Three Inns to meet us; and when Paul saw them, he thanked God and took courage.” The Christ followers in and around Rome came out to meet Paul and escort him into the city. Just as they would any important visitor.

I think that Paul, the pastor who cared deeply for these people, used all of these words for one reason only…to comfort them. He was not attempting to make them anxious about the ‘end times.’ He certainly wasn’t trying to manipulate them into conforming to his own beliefs through fear of some coming judgment. He was, in fact, trying to calm their fears.

Here’s my take on this.

The small community of faith at Thessalonica was afraid because some of its members had died and Jesus had not yet returned. They feared that these sisters and brothers who had passed were going to miss out on Jesus’ return.

Paul wrote and said, “No, that’s not how this works. You see when Jesus returns he will return as King. There will be a trumpet fanfare and a loud shout. Our sisters and brothers who are asleep will wake up at the sound! They will rise from their rest and, together with those of us who are living, will rise into the sky to meet our returning, victorious King! Then we will all return here as He begins his rightful reign over the Earth.”

That’s quite a different message than the one of fear and death that Darby & Pals came up with. This is a message of hope. And, not just for a select few. It is a message of hope for the entire Earth as her rightful King returns to ascend His throne.

“Ok, ok, Mike, I get it. No escape from a dying planet. Thanks for the explanation. But, what about that song? You know, about wars and two people doing stuff and one of them disappears or something. And, what about that whole thief in the night thing? You haven’t explained any of that.”

That’s very observant of you. And, I’m glad that you asked that question. We’ll begin to look at those things in the next post.

Stay tuned!

Please ask any questions in the comments.

Also, please feel free to share with your friends.

¹ deSilva, David A., Honor, Patronage, Kinship & Purity: Unlocking New Testament Culture, IVP Academic:Downers Grove, 2000, p. 23.
² Theological dictionary of the New Testament. 1964-c1976. Vols. 5-9 edited by Gerhard Friedrich. Vol. 10 compiled by Ronald Pitkin. (G. Kittel, G. W. Bromiley & G. Friedrich, Ed.) (electronic ed.) (1:380). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
³ Witherington III, Ben, 1 and 2 Thessalonians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary, William B. Eerdmans:Grand Rapids, 2006.
⁴ Witherington III, Ben, 1 and 2 Thessalonians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary, William B. Eerdmans:Grand Rapids, 2006.
⁵ Bruce F. F., 1 and 2 Thessalonians, Word:Waco, 1982, p. 103. Qtd. In Witherington III, Ben, 1 and 2 Thessalonians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary, William B. Eerdmans:Grand Rapids, 2006.

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Rapture: A Closer Look

Published by mhelbert on February 25, 2018

So, let’s move along to the text from Paul’s first letter to the church at Thessalonica that folks of the dispensationalist disposition use to “prove” that at some point in time Jesus is going to show up, someone’s going to blow a horn, and all of the good christian folks are going to be taken up into heaven. They will all sit around in joyful bliss while the world they left behind, all of the people, family; friends; and loved ones, are being tormented by plagues and death. I wonder, will those joyous few be munching on chips watching death unfold as if they were watching the Super Bowl? “Hey, pass the nachos!”

Here is that text,

13) But we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope.
14) For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus.
15) For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep.
16) For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first.
17) Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord. (New American Standard Bible, 1995 update, LaHabra, CA, The Lockman Foundation.)

Like I wrote earlier, the fact that some of the people in this particular community of Christ followers had died was the concern here. So, Paul shares a bit about that. (The term “asleep”, or “fallen asleep” here refers to death.)

However, the verse I want to focus on now is the last one, v. 17.

From a first glance, it appears that maybe Darby got it right. On what the late Billy Graham would call a ‘simple reading’ of the text, it does seem to say that those who believe like Paul did will, in fact, be ‘caught up’ to be with Jesus forever and ever, Hallelujah, ain’t it grand!

But, if we take a closer look, things may not be like they seem.
(Insert diabolical laugh here.)

The actual word ‘rapture’ does not appear at all in this text. Many scholars think that the term is an English take on the Latin version of this verse. In that version, the word translated ‘caught up’ is rapiemur. That literally means “we shall be carried away.” The English word also carries a meaning of some “lofty emotion” or “feeling of ecstasy” which could have influenced its use here. In any case, this is the term assigned to an event that Paul wrote about.

The question, though, is this the point that Paul was explaining to his young sisters and brothers? Was he trying to give them the actual blow-by-blow sequence of events that would occur at Jesus’ return? And, did he intend that they should understand it as being whisked away to the great by-and-by where they would be eternally separated from the world that they were born into?

Here’s where it’s important to know a bit about the social and cultural context of the writer and the readers. This period of time in the world controlled by Rome was vastly different than the time in which we live. They had different beliefs, different goals and ways to achieve them, they were, in a word or two, “Not Us.” Yet, so many people who interpret these ancient documents read them as if they were written yesterday. Simply put, we cannot sit down and read the Bible like we would the latest Stephen King novel. Anyone who says different is either playing you or just plain ignorant.

I wrote earlier that Paul was addressing a question that the young community at Thessalonica had. “When Jesus returns, what’s going to happen to our friends and family who are already dead?” Paul had apparently told them that Jesus was going to return to institute God’s righteous kingdom. And they, the Thessalonians, would be members of that kingdom.

These people were primarily from a pagan background. They worshiped the gods of the Greek and Roman pantheon as well as Caesar and Roma. They had no concept of resurrection from the dead like Paul did. Paul might as well have been talking gibberish to them. But, they accepted his words and believed that somehow this Jewish prophet from Palestine had, indeed, risen from the dead and was taken up into the heavens. But, they didn’t seem to be able to apply that to anyone other than Jesus. “Yeah, sure, Jesus was special and all. But, what about my husband? My business partner? They all believed in Jesus. Are they going to miss out on Jesus’ coming?”

This was the question Paul was attempting to answer. Not, “Hey Paul! What’s gonna happen to us when Jesus comes back?” This is the question that moderns ask. It’s an entirely different issue. And, if we start from there, we will miss Paul’s point completely.

So, knowing the question, what was Paul’s response? This is where the literal, simple readers of the text get completely turned around. They generally say something along the line of what Darby & Pals did.

And, they would be mistaken.

The language that Paul used was something that everyone to whom he wrote would understand. It was, after all, part of their culture. Paul responded that when Jesus returned all who had died would be raised from the dead. Resurrected just like Jesus. (I can hear the collective “Whew!” from everyone hearing this.) After that, all who were alive would be snatched up to meet Jesus somewhere in the clouds.

That’s it. Nothing more. There is nothing in this text that indicates where they would go from there. Yes, they were promised that they would be with Jesus always. But, the location is nowhere to be found in this letter.

This truly begs the question, WHY NOT?

The short answer to that is that they already knew!

“Whoa! What! Hold on, Mike! How could they know if Paul didn’t tell them?”